cynics:cynic_lives
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Lives & Writings on the Cynics
Source1)
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† = No available online resources
Mythical Figures
- Heracles : Model figure for the Cynics; Heracles' life and trials were upheld by the Cynics to be an example of good behavior by living with the best principles.
- Typhon (Typhoeus) : Considered to be the most dangerous creature in mythology, the Cynics used Typhon as an archetype for what is perverse in the order of things. Just as Zeus struck-down Typhon in mythology, the imaginary Typhon needs to be vanquished in order for people to achieve freedom. Typhon is also related to the word “typhos” which translates as “smoke”. The Cynics believed that this smoke was representative of the chaos and illusion found in everyday living and beliefs.
Cynic Precursors
Historically Authenticated Cynics
- Agathobulus of Alexandria 2nd Century AD : There is evidence that Agathobulus was an important person in his own time (see evidence of Plutarch); Agathobulus placed particular emphasis on some of the ascetic aspects of Cynicism: shamelessness and endurance of pain.
- Anaximenes of Lampsacus 4th Century BC
- Androsthenes of Aegina 4th Century BC
- Antiochus of Cilicia 2nd and 3rd Century AD
- Antisthenes of Athens Ca. 445 - 336 BC : Originally a subject of Gorgias the rhetorician, Antisthenes became disciple of Socrates. Antisthenes adopted the teachings of Socrates with an emphasis on Socratic ethics. He stressed living an ascetic life in accordance with Nature and Virtue. Many later writers considered Antisthenes to be te founder of Cynic philosophy.
- Asclepiades 2nd half of 4th Century AD
- Avidienus 1st Century BC
- Besas 4th Century AD †
- Betion 3rd Century BC
- Bion of Borysthenes Ca. 335 - 245 BC : Influential in his time, Bion of Borysthenes was an ecletic figure in the 3rd Century BC. Bion's life and writings have the spirit of Cynicism and it is presumed that he contributed to the development of the diatribe.
- Cantharus 2nd Century AD
- Carneades 1st Century AD
- Cercidas of Megalopolis Ca. 290 - 220 BC
- Chytron Fourth Century AD
- Cleanthes of Assos Ca. 331 - 231 BC
- Cleomenes 4th and 3rd Centuries BC
- Cleomenes of Constantinople 4th Century AD †
- Crates of Thebes Ca. 360 - 280 BC
- Crescens Attested in 154 AD
- Demetrius ? †
- Demetrius of Alexandria Ca. 300 BC
- Demetrius of Corinth 1st Century AD
- Demetrius of Sunium 2nd Century AD
- Demonax of Cyprus Ca. 70 - 170 AD
- Didymus, nicknamed Planetiades 1st Century AD
- Diitrepes ?
- Dio Chrysostom Ca. 40 - after 112 AD
- Diocles ? †
- Diogenes of Sinope 4th Century BC
- Diogenes the Sophist 1st Century AD
- Domitius ? †
- Echecles of Ephesus 4th and 3rd Centuries BC
- Favonius 1st Century AD
- Gorgias ? †
- Hegesias of Sinope 4th Century BC
- Heraclius 4th Century AD
- Heras Ca. 75 AD
- Hermodotus 1st Century AD †
- Hipparchia of Maronea 4th and 3rd Centuries BC
- Honoratus 2nd Century AD
- Horus 4th Century AD †
- Iphicles 4th Century AD
- Isidorus 1st Century BC
- Maximus Hero of Alexandria 4th Century AD †
- Meleager of Gadara Ca. 135 - 50 BC
- Menander, nicknamed Drumos 4th Century BC
- Menedemus of Lampsacus 3rd Century BC
- Menestratus 1st Century AD †
- Menippus of Gadara 1st Half of the 3rd Century BC
- Menippus of Lycia 1st Century AD
- Metrocles of Maronea 3rd Century BC
- Monimus of Syracuse 4th Century BC
- Musonius Rufus 1st Century AD
- Oenomaus of Gadara 2nd Century AD
- Onesicritus of Astyalaea 380/375 - 305/300 BC
- Onesicritus of Aegina 4th Century BC
- Ouranios Kunikos ? †
- Pancrates 2nd Century AD
- Paniscus ? †
- Pasicles of Thebes 4th Century BC
- Peregrinus Ca. 100 - 165 AD
- Philiscus of Aegina 4th Century BC
- Phocion the Good 4th Century BC
- Saloustios 5th Century AD †
- Secundus the Silent Philosopher Beginning of the 2nd Century AD
- Serenianus 4th Century AD
- Sochares ? †
- Sotades of Maronea 3rd Century BC
- Stilpo of Megara Ca. 360 - 280
- Teles Middle of the 3rd Century BC
- Theagenes of Patras 2nd Century AD
- Theombrotus 4th and 3rd Centuries BC
- Thrasyllus 4th Century BC
- Timarchus of Alexandria 2nd Half of the 3rd Century BC
- Varro 116 - 27 BC
- Xeniades of Corinth 4th Century BC
- Zeno of Citium Ca. 335 - 263
Anonymous Cynics
- Unknown Cynic 1 4th Century BC
- Unknown Cynic 2 4th and 3rd Centuries BC †
- Unknown Cynic 3 4th and 3rd Centuries BC
- Unknown Cynic 4 1st Century BC and 1st Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 5 1st Century AD
- Unknown Cynic 6 1st Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 7 1st Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 8 2nd Century AD
- Unknown Cynic 9 2nd Century AD
- Unknown Cynic 10 2nd Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 11 2nd Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 12 4th Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 13 4th Century AD †
- Unknown Cynic 14 4th Century AD †
Uncertain Link to Cynicism
- Demetrius of Alexandria, or Cythras 4th Century AD
- Diodorus of Aspendus 4th Century BC
- Eubulus 3rd Century BC
- Eubulides 3rd Century BC
- Hermias of Curium ? †
- Hostilianus 1st Century AD
- Nilus 4th Century AD †
- Sostratus Heracles 2nd Century AD
- Theoxenus 4th Century BC?
- Zoilus of Amphipolis, nicknamed Homeromastix 4th Century BC
Cynics in Epistles
Recipients of the Cynic Epistles
DIOGENES EPISTLES
Agesilaus (22), Amynander (21), Anaxlaus (19), Anniceris (27), Antalcides (17), Apolexis (13|16|18), Aruecas (49), Charmidas (50), Epimenides (51), Eugnesius (8), Hippon (25), Lacydes (23|cf.37), Melesippe (42), Melesippus (20|41), Phaennylus (31), Phanomachus (33), Rhesus (48), Sopolis (35), Timomachus (36)
Recipients of the Cynic Epistles
CRATES EPISTLES
Aper (35), Dinomachus (36), Eumolpus (13), Ganymedes (23), Hermaiscus (4), Lysis (10), Mnaso (9), Orion (12), Patrocles (19)
- Phynichus of Larissa †
Fictitious Cynics
- Agathocles †
- Cynulcus †
- Myrtilus †
- Nicion, called Dog Fly †
- Theodorus †
Mistaken Cynic
Known as "Dogs"
1)
Based on Appendix A from The Cynics: The Cynic Movement in Antiquity and Its Legacy by R. Bracht Branham and Marie-Odile Goulet-Cazé
cynics/cynic_lives.1342969951.txt.gz · Last modified: 2014/01/14 22:45 (external edit)